Linux
The Nao uses a Linux 5.4 real time kernel for intel processors (linux-intel/preempt-rt).
Most of the kernel configuration is done by the meta-intel
layer for yocto.
Special modifications for the Nao robot are contained in the meta-nao
layer and mainly consist of patches and kernel modules by aldebaran for chestboard communication.
Tip
For building an image, have a look at instructions in the setup section.